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Water supplies for big cities pose growing challenge
Published in Saudi Press Agency on 21 - 08 - 2011


The growth of the world's urban population is
posing an ever growing challenge to provide city dwellers access to
clean water and sanitation, dpa cited a study released Sunday as saying.
The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) report - titled Big Cities, Big
Water, Big Challenges - was published as delegates assembled for the
annual World Water Week in Stockholm.
The overriding theme for this year's conference, which opens
officially on Monday, is water in an urbanizing world.
About half the world's population currently lives in urban areas
and by 2050 that portion is projected to be two thirds, the WWF
report said, citing the UN Habitat agency.
Cities with more than 10 million people are increasing in number
in Asia, Africa and Latin America, further straining scarce water
resources.
The WWF study cited various examples of these pressures. In Mexico
City, the risk of flooding has increased as has "the dependence on
distant water supplies" and energy costs since the water has to be
pumped over 1,000 metres in elevation.
The Riachuelo river that flows through Argentina's capital Buenos
Aires could be called "an open sewer," the report said, citing levels
of lead, zinc and chrome that were well over the legal limit.
Over half the population in Kenya's capital Nairobi live in
informal settlements, lacking access to clean water and having to buy
water from private vendors. They also lack sanitation which threatens
their health as well as river systems.
In China, Shanghai was suffering from water stress due to the
rising demand of its 23 million inhabitants.
The report recommended that cities prepare water risk assessments,
work to protect and restore ecosytems, and plan how to manage scarce
water resources.
Later this week, US researcher Stephen R Carpenter is to accept
the 2011 Stockholm Water Prize for his research on lake ecosystems.
Carpenter's research has helped increase understanding about how
lakes are affected by nutrient loading, fishing and the introduction
of exotic species, the jury said at an earlier announcement.
Last year the 150,000-dollar prize was awarded to US researcher
Rita Colwell for her work on infectious waterborne diseases like
cholera.


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