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Big haul of Crohn's genes shows disease complexity
Published in Saudi Press Agency on 29 - 06 - 2008


Scientists have linked 32
genetic variations to Crohn's disease, a bowel disorder,
highlighting the complexity of many common diseases and the
difficulties facing researchers seeking treatments, according to Reuters.
Scientists said on Sunday that new research had tripled the
number of genetic regions implicated in Crohn's, the most common
form of inflammatory bowel disease, and many more were probably
still undiscovered.
"These explain only about a fifth of the genetic risk, which
implies that there may be hundreds of genes implicated in the
disease, each increasing susceptibility by a small amount," said
Jeffrey Barrett from the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human
Genetics at the University of Oxford, who led the research.
Scientists have known for years that genes, along with
environmental factors, play a role in increasing the risk that
people will develop many common problems like asthma, high blood
pressure, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and heart disease.
But they are still trying to work out which parts of the
genome -- the 3 billion sub-units of DNA in our cells -- are
actually responsible.
One way to find out is to conduct genome-wide association
studies, in which genetic markers from thousands of volunteers
are analysed in order to identify genetic differences between
diseased and healthy individuals.
The latest picture to emerge for Crohn's, which was reported
in the journal Nature Genetics, represents the most complete
picture yet assembled of the genetic influences on risk of a
common disease.
Significantly, three of the individual genes that have been
implicated in Crohn's have previously been shown to influence
risk of type 1 diabetes and asthma, suggesting a possible common
genetic mechanism underlying these disorders.
Crohn's disease affects between one in 500 and one in 1000
people in the industrialised world, causing inflammation, pain,
ulcers and diarrhoea.


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