PARIS: Sizzling, sleek designs for a carbon-conscious world headlined Thursday as global automakers rolled out their latest high-tech models at the Paris Auto Show, hoping for rebound in a struggling car market. Hybrids and other fuel-efficient, lower-emission vehicles took front seat as CEOs and other top executives strolled out onto well-lit stages to trumpet their engineering innovations and strategies to tap hot markets like China. Rebecca Lindland, an analyst at IHS Automotive, said the market looks optimistic after two “terrible years” since the last Paris show because of the global recession. Recovery is faster in some places than others, she said. “The important thing is that manufacturers prepare because once that economy really starts clicking they've got to be able to offer consumers the best and the brightest of those vehicles,” she told AP Television News. The show could come down to three C's: clean, cheap and China. Many consumers and carmakers worldwide have been feeling an economic crunch, environmental concerns are prominent and China's boom makes for appealing sales prospects. Highly-touted innovations at the show including Renault SA's DeZir, a small, sporty concept car, and its Z.E. - for “zero emissions” - line, and the single-platform Ford Focus. Hundreds of thousands of visitors are expected at the two-week show, the oldest and one of the largest of its kind. It opens to the public Saturday, and the media were given a sneak preview Thursday. The show focuses on the European market, but the continent's growth prospects are slim compared to burgeoning areas like Brazil and China, which has eclipsed the United States as the world's single-biggest car market. Ian Robertson, BMW's sales and marketing chief, said the German company expects to sell more than the currently forecast 120,000 cars in China this year. China is also a focus for Peugeot, which will make one-third of its new 508 sedans in China, with targeted sales in its first year of 200,000, said Peugeot-Citroen CEO Philippe Varin. The Chinese market soared 50 percent last year, he said. While the worst of the global recession is past, car makers know their market has changed. Consumers remain cautious and environmental rules are more stringent, and the car industry hopes hybrids and electrics will be a big part of the way forward. Show organizers say about one-third of the 100 or so new models presented in Paris this year are either hybrids or electrics. Car makers have been flaunting technologies aimed at cutting or eliminating carbon dioxide emissions from their vehicles. But this time, more and more will be models headed for showrooms, not concept or idea cars. Carlos Ghosn, the Renault boss, said reducing the dependence on gasoline was “the big challenge” that can be met only if large numbers of customers are drawn to electric cars. “It's our wish to create an electric car, a product that's simple to use, simple to charge. A dependable product. And it must especially be affordable for everyone,” he said. Ghosn presented Renault's Zoe electric concept car, which is to go on sale in 2012. He said should account for two-thirds of the French company's expected 500,000 electric car sales per year by 2020. In the gee-whiz category, the Zoe will come free of door handles: its doors open with a touch of the hand or finger: think a computer's or mobile-phone's touch screen. Renault also showed off the three electric cars it will launch next year, the Fluence ZE, the Kangoo ZE and the Twizy, a two-seater that looks like a cross between a Smart and a large motorcycle. In addition to the 3008 diesel hybrid, Peugeot is also to begin selling its iOn electric car. Other ready-to-roll green cars on show include Mitsubishi's i-MiEV and the Nissan Leaf. Other automakers are putting cost efficiencies - through economies of scale - atop their list of announced priorities. Ford is making the Focus its world car, hoping to make some 2 million vehicles off the same platform by 2012 to reap economies of scale. Before, the US giant had a strategy of one Focus platform for each major region. “I feel really good about where we are and where we are going and I'm so pleased that we chose to invest during the harshest of times,” Ford's CEO Alan Mulally said. Mulally said Ford has restructured, is operating profitably despite the lower demand and “actually accelerated” the development of its new vehicles “so we are right here, right now for the consumers as we come back.” Global car production fell 17 percent over 2008 and 2009, dropping to 57 million vehicles last year. Scrapping schemes introduced after the crisis helped support European car makers and their suppliers, but now that they're being withdrawn growth is stalling in the region. Car sales in Europe will drop to 17.7 million this year from 18.2 million in 2009, according to J.D. Power Automotive Forecasting, which expects sales to stagnate around that level next year as well. Production will rebound to its pre-crisis level of 69 million vehicles this year, PricewaterhouseCooper's Autofacts consultancy predicts, but nearly all that growth will come from China and North America. By 2020, electric vehicle production is likely to hit only 1.5 million units, Autofacts said, as the infrastructure to recharge the cars' batteries, as well as the batteries' costs and limits to their autonomy hold back wider adoption of the cars by consumers. Hybrids and electric cars may get top billing. But at the Paris Auto Show, conventional engines are showing they have plenty of mileage left. New gas and diesel models have carbon emissions not far behind those of hybrids, and there's nothing old-fashioned about their small size and highly efficient internal combustion technology. A diesel-powered Ford Fiesta and a Fiat 500 subcompact outfitted with a new two-cylinder MultiAir engine were among the conventional powertrains on display that boasted emissions very close to market-leading hybrids. The two-cylinder 500 engine, an evolution of Fiat's MultiAir technology for gas engines that improves air flow for better efficiency, has just 92 kilograms of carbon emissions per kilometer. The Fiesta with Ford's Econetic technology produces 98 g/km. That compares with the Toyota Prius' 89 g/km, down from 120 grams a decade ago. Hybrids and electrics are still not driving automotive industry profits nor have they grabbed any serious market share in years of being ballyhooed as the way ahead. In fact, automakers from Fiat to Ford are looking to squeeze as much efficiency as possible out of conventional engines before making major forays into hybrid and electric engines. Even Toyota, the industry leader in hybrid vehicles with 13 years on the road, keeps a sharp focus on conventional engine for obvious reasons: the more efficient the gasoline-powered component of the hybrid, the more efficient the hybrid. “We don't want to give up the normal combustion engine. We will continue to develop the petrol engine, this is our philosophy,” Masato Katsumata, Toyota senior vice president for research and development said on the sidelines of the Paris Auto Show. Fiat's CEO Sergio Marchionne says there's more to be gained from tweaking conventional engines for higher efficiency. “From my standpoint, I think the amount of work that can and should be done on the removal ... of the loss-making portions of combustion and transmissions is the biggest bang for the buck you can get out of any dollar of investment today,” Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne said on the sidelines of the Paris Auto Show on Friday. “I run these charts in my head all the time and I ask the technical guys to tell me, ‘If I spend a hundred dollars on this what do I get in exchange.' And we have done phenomenal things in terms of improving the efficiency of the overall system, engine, transmission and the vehicle itself.” Investment in new electric and hybrid technology is inevitable, and Fiat and its U.S. ally Chrysler are making the necessary investments to “not fall behind the technology curve,” Marchionne said. Some, like the Renault-Nissan alliance, are pushing the electrification edge for all its worth, convinced that the buyers' demand has been pent up by a dearth of affordable choice. Renault Chief Executive Carlos Ghosn told reporters in Paris that the carmaker's own surveys in the United States, Japan and Europe show that already 10 percent of car buyers say they want an electric car. “That's massive, that's colossal,” Ghosn said. “I am less and less worried, that is if I ever had any worries, about consumer demand” for electric cars. The problem is going to be whether there is sufficient capacity to supply the market.” But the fact is, in the United States only 3 percent of vehicle sales are hybrids, and even fewer are electric. PricewaterhouseCooper's Autofacts consultancy predicts that electric vehicle production worldwide is likely to hit only 1.5 million units by 2020. The high cost of batteries, forcing up the price of electric cars, and a lack of infrastructure to extend the limited range of electrified automobiles before they need a recharge have hampered the adoption of electrified automobiles, overriding the appeal of zero emissions. Chief executives like Marchionne see hybrids as the answer in the medium- to long-term. Unlike electric, which are 100 percent battery-run, hybrids involve some sort of fossil-fuel consumption engine that works along with an electrified powertrain. Associated Press __
