THE new Somali prime minister's move to include the Islamist opposition in peace efforts has begun to pay off, observers say, raising hopes for progress in a country in chaos for nearly two decades. Since taking office in November, Nur Hassan Hussein has engaged Somalia's Islamist opposition - unlike his predecessor Ali Mohamed Gedi. “The international community is very pleased by the approach of Prime Minister Hussein, which consists in talking to rival politicians,” said Mario Raffaelli, Italy's special envoy for Somalia. “European Union states have insisted on dialogue as military solutions can't overcome the current chaos in Somalia and the premier came with a clear roadmap to peace,” Raffaelli, a seasoned Somalia observer, said. “You make peace with enemies not with friends.” The signs of hope for Somalia, where civil chaos has defied more than a dozen peace initiatives since the 1991 ouster of former president Mohamed Siad Barre, come even as violence continues to rage across the country. The Islamic Courts Union, a militia which ousted US-backed warlords from Mogadishu in 2006, briefly ruled large parts of the country before being defeated by Ethiopian forces last year. Ethiopian-backed Somali government troops are still battling the movement's military wing and allied clans in a guerrilla war which has left thousands dead and displaced hundreds of thousands. The prime minister, President Abdullahi Yusuf and Islamist leaders were expected to gather in neighboring Djibouti this week for ice-breaking contacts. The first step in the road map for peace drafted by the new prime minister provides for local initiatives. The most ambitious project is a scheme whereby traders can organize their own security and policing in Mogadishu's main mercantile area, the large Bakara market. Ethiopian and Somali government troops no longer carry out patrols in the area, but in exchange, Bakara vigilantes also have to keep insurgents at bay. The initiative is seen as key to restoring stability in the capital, where insurgents have concentrated their attacks over the past year. But hawks within the government have been reluctant to let Ethiopian troops pull back and the Bakara project has struggled to get off the drawing board. Hard-liners from Somalia's dominant Hawiye clan and the Islamist opposition had refused to take part in previous reconciliation attempts, arguing that talks should be held outside of Somalia and only after an Ethiopian withdrawal. The prime minister's road map states that the transitional federal government “is prepared to accept as a venue for the discussions anywhere the government and opposition both agree.” The government's proposals were met by a markedly more conciliatory tone in the opposition camp. “The call for dialogue by the PM is encouraging. The Hawiye Traditional Council will support all measures that would help Somalis overcome their differences,” Hawiye spokesman Ahmed Derive Ali said. The United Nations special envoy for Somalia, Ahmed Ould Abdallah, also took heart from the recent progress made in paving the way for a viable peace process in the devastated Horn of Africa country. “These are very encouraging new developments,” he said in a statement earlier this month. __
