The new Syrian authorities are reported to have given some foreign Islamist fighters senior official posts in the country's armed forces. The army is being reorganized by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), the militant group that is now effectively in charge of the country following the overthrow of former President Bashar al-Assad earlier this month. There's been no confirmation by the new leadership of the move, but it seems likely to raise concern inside and outside Syria over the role such foreign militants may play in the country's future. It comes amid reports that Syria's new de-facto leader, Ahmed al-Sharaa, has held separate meetings with representatives of the Kurds and Christians in the country – two communities that are most concerned about the potential agenda of the new authorities. Several Syrian sources have deduced that out of almost 50 new military roles that have been announced, at least six have gone to foreigners. Based on the names that have been published, they are said to include Chinese Uyghurs, a Jordanian and a Turkish national. All are said to have been given high-ranking positions as colonels or brigadier generals. The role of foreign fighters in various armed groups during the civil war is one that stirs strong feelings in Syria. Thousands of fighters from many different countries joined the uprising against Assad as it became an all-out armed conflict when mass protests were met with violence by the security forces. Militants from abroad were seen as trying to impose their extremist ideology on Syria — something that Syrians from all communities are now saying they will not accept in the country's future after Assad. Some formed their own groups and others provided the core of the Islamic State (IS) group, which took control of large regions in the east of Syria. Opponents of HTS had long accused it of being largely made up of foreign militants — a charge Assad supporters used to try to delegitimize the group as it mounted its final, decisive offensive against the regime. But in the years that he ran the rebel enclave in Idlib, Ahmed al-Sharaa – the leader of HTS and now Syria – had been getting rid of some of those foreign fighters in a bid to bolster his group's credentials as a nationalist rather than overtly jihadist force. Since taking power al-Sharaa has repeatedly stressed the vision of a unified Syrian state, in which all communities must be respected and have a stake. On Tuesday, a Syrian official said the first talks between members of the Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and al-Sharaa since he became the most powerful man in Syria three weeks ago have now taken place and were positive. The SDF is backed by the US and controls much of the north-east of Syria. But Turkey, which has backed al-Sharaa's group HTS, sees them as terrorists, which has raised fears of a looming confrontation. Al-Sharaa has also met high-level members of the Christian clergy. He has stressed that he wants all communities to have a stake in Syria's future and is preparing a National Dialogue Conference to try to ensure that this process can begin. For those who are concerned that his actions might not match his words, this apparent move to formalize the positions of some prominent foreign fighters may give them further pause for thought. The appointments appear to have been made in order to reward those fighters – whether from Syria or elsewhere – who played a significant role in the final triumph over the regime. For the same reason, some of the remaining foreign fighters – along with their families – now seem likely to be given Syrian citizenship. The issue is just one of many that could complicate any successful transition to a new political and social framework in Syria. The new authorities are putting a lot of weight on a National Dialogue Conference that is being prepared to bring together representatives from all sections of society – although no date has been set. The hope is that the conference will set in motion the process to rebuild the institutions of the broken and divided country. — BBC
