WASHINGTON — A bipartisan group of leading US senators has reached agreement on the principles of sweeping legislation to rewrite the nation's immigration laws and include a path to citizenship for the 11 million illegal immigrants already in the country. The deal heralds the start of what could be the most significant effort in years toward overhauling the nation's inefficient patchwork of immigration laws. Opposition Republicans were chastened by the November elections, which demonstrated the importance of Latino voters. They voted for Obama over Republican Mitt Romney 71 percent to 27 percent, leading some Republican leaders to conclude that supporting immigration reform with a path to citizenship has become a political imperative. “What's changed, honestly, is that there is a new, I think, appreciation on both sides of the aisle — including maybe more importantly on the Republican side of the aisle — that we have to enact a comprehensive immigration reform bill,” Sen. John McCain said Sunday on ABC. “I think the time is right,” McCain said. President Barack Obama also is committed to enacting comprehensive immigration legislation and will travel to Nevada on Tuesday to lay out his vision, which is expected to overlap in important ways with the Senate effort. The Senate plan also covers border security, guest workers and employer verification. The immigration debate will play out at the start of Obama's second term, as he aims to spend the political capital afforded him by his re-election victory on an issue that has eluded past presidents. The eight senators expected to endorse the new principles Monday are Democrats Charles Schumer of New York, Dick Durbin of Illinois, Robert Menendez of New Jersey and Michael Bennet of Colorado; and McCain of Arizona, Lindsey Graham of South Carolina, Marco Rubio of Florida and Jeff Flake of Arizona. Several of these lawmakers have worked for years on the issue. McCain collaborated with the late Democratic Sen. Edward M. Kennedy on comprehensive immigration legislation pushed by then-President George W. Bush in 2007, only to see it collapse in the Senate when it couldn't get enough Republican support. The group claims a notable newcomer in Rubio, a potential 2016 presidential candidate of Cuban heritage whose conservative stance may help smooth the way for support among conservatives wary of anything that seems like amnesty for illegal immigrants. In an opinion piece published Sunday in the Las Vegas Review-Journal, Rubio wrote that the existing system amounts to “de facto amnesty,” and he called for “commonsense reform.” According to documents obtained by The Associated Press, the senators will call for accomplishing four goals: ? Creating a path to citizenship for illegal immigrants already here, contingent upon securing the border and better tracking of people here on visas. ? Reforming the legal immigration system, including awarding resident green cards to immigrants who obtain advanced degrees in science, math, technology or engineering from an American university. ? Creating an effective employment verification system to ensure that employers do not hire illegal immigrants. ? Allowing more low-skill workers into the country and allowing employers to hire immigrants if they can demonstrate they couldn't recruit a US citizen; and establishing an agricultural worker program. What the senators call for is similar to Obama's goals and some past efforts by Democrats and Republicans, since there's wide agreement in identifying problems with the current immigration system. The most difficult disagreement is likely to arise over how to accomplish the path to citizenship. In order to satisfy the concerns of Rubio and other Republicans, the senators are calling for the completion of steps on border security and oversight of those here on visas before taking major steps forward on the path to citizenship. Even then, those here illegally would have to qualify for a “probationary legal status” that would allow them to live and work here — but not qualify for federal benefits — before being able to apply for permanent residency. Once they are allowed to apply they would do so behind everyone else already in line for a green card within the current immigration system. — AP
